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Child Development - A Thematic Approach
, Fifth Edition
Danuta Bukatko - College of the Holy Cross
Marvin W. Daehler - University of Massachusetts, Amherst
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| | Concept/Application Questions
Chapter 16:
Beyond Family and Peers
- Academic success is affected by parenting style. The parenting style that is associated with the greatest likelihood of academic
success is
- authoritative parenting.
- authoritarian parenting.
- permissive parenting.
- laissez-faire parenting.
- Philip attends a high school with approximately 2,000 students; Derek attends a high school with approximately 300 students. Philip is _____________________
than Derek.
- likely to have higher self-esteem
- likely to feel more competent and challenged
- likely to participate in more school activities
- likely to assume fewer leadership roles
- Desiree's teacher encourages collaboration among students and structures lessons
such that shared problem solving and creativity are considered important
goals and are stressed within each activity center. Desiree's class is typical of the _____________________ classroom.
- traditional
- collaborative
- authoritarian
- competitive
- Ryan was placed in the slow-track class in the first grade. Where is Ryan
most likely to be when he is in the fourth grade?
- Ryan will very likely be in the advanced-track class.
- Ryan will very likely be in the slow-track class.
- Ryan will definitely be in the slow-track class.
- It is impossible to predict in which track Ryan will be.
- According to Rosenthal and Jacobson, the Pygmalion effect is the
- tendency for teachers' expectations to affect students' academic performance.
- influence of small class size on increased academic performance.
- benefit observed from cooperative learning over traditional learning.
- tendency for teachers to show favoritism toward physically attractive children.
- Fred, an African American child, is likely to have more difficulties in school
than James, a Caucasian child. The _____________________ hypothesis suggests
this may be so because Fred has had family experiences that are different
from those required to do well in the school.
- KEEP
- cultural compatibility
- cultural deficit
- cultural bias
- All but which of the following may help to explain why children in Japan
and Taiwan do better in mathematics than children in the United States?
- Children in these Asian countries spend more time in school than children
in the United States.
- Children in these Asian countries have superior cognitive skills than children in the United States.
- Children in these Asian countries spend a greater percentage of classroom
time on mathematics than children in the United States.
- Children in these Asian countries spend a greater amount of time on homework
than children in the United States.
- Although there may be many reasons why youths with serious emotional disorders
do not succeed in school, among the primary reasons is that
- their parents are less likely to be supportive of their academic efforts
than parents of other children.
- they have more limited cognitive capacities than other children.
- they fail to mature as rapidly as other children.
- they often do not receive the special services in the school that would help them to
address their disability.
- José is a teenager. Compared to a few years ago, he probably
- spends more time watching television.
- spends less time watching television.
- spends the same amount of time watching television.
- does not watch television.
- When nine-year-old Marcy watches cartoons, she is likely to
- be unable to understand the actions of the cartoon characters.
- believe that the cartoon characters are really experiencing the events portrayed.
- understand that the cartoons do not depict reality.
- be unable to integrate information across scenes.
- Studies suggest that the children's TV program Sesame Street
- has little effect on children's cognitive development, but does influence their prosocial behavior.
- improves children's cognitive skills as well as their prosocial attitudes.
- results in reducing the amount of time children spend practicing prereading
skills such as learning letters and numbers and writing their own names.
- creates a negative attitude toward school in children from disadvantaged
backgrounds.
- Although not empirically tested, one criticism of Sesame Street has been that
- the program does not result in improved cognitive skills for preschoolers
who watch it.
- the fast-paced format of the show makes it difficult for preschoolers to comprehend its content.
- the fast-paced format of the show prevents children from adopting reflective,
sustained learning strategies in school.
- women and ethnic minorities are not represented equally with white male characters.
- Daryl watches a large number of violent television programs. _____________________
theory predicts that Daryl is likely to behave aggressively.
- Information-processing
- Learning
- Ethological
- Social learning
- Research on the impact of TV on children's social development suggests that
- violence on TV does not affect children's aggressive behavior.
- the catharsis hypothesis is correct with regard to televised aggression and
children's behavior.
- children ignore the behavior of aggressive models on TV.
- social learning accounts of the effects of modeled aggression on children's behavior are reasonably accurate.
- Parents who are concerned about teaching their children critical skills in television viewing should
- discuss various aspects of programming while watching it with their children.
- not allow their children to watch television until they enter elementary
school when they will have sufficient cognitive skills to view it critically.
- ensure that their children watch no cartoons or other childish programming, but rather encourage them to
watch adult-oriented programming as a way of stimulating their cognitive
development, including critical thinking skills.
- encourage them to sample all kinds of programming as a way of learning more critical
skills.
- Which child is most likely to commit an act of school violence?
- Sara, whose father keeps guns in the house.
- Bob, who is from a divorced family.
- Larry, who tends to engage in delinquent behavior.
- Mary, how is a loner in school.
- Which is the best example of social cohesion or norms in a neighborhood?
- Adults establishing an after-school program.
- Adolescents who establish a gang.
- Parents with children who provide support for one another.
- Parents keeping strict track of their children's activities.
- A child from which country will most likely have the LOWEST score in math?
- Japan.
- Canada.
- Slovenia.
- United States.
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