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Child Development - A Thematic Approach
, Fifth Edition
Danuta Bukatko - College of the Holy Cross
Marvin W. Daehler - University of Massachusetts, Amherst
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| | Concept/Application Questions
Chapter 14:
The Family
- Sharona's parents have always permitted her to have a say in family decisions, and
they provide explanations whenever they set rules or limits on her behavior. Sharona's parents are probably _____________________ parents.
- authoritarian
- permissive
- authoritative
- uninvolved
- When Walter was two, his mother more likely used _____________________ to
control his behavior. Now that he is four, his mother uses _____________________ to discipline him as a more effective way
of dealing with negative behavior.
- induction; power assertion
- power assertion; induction
- induction; love withdrawal
- love withdrawal; power assertion
- Studies on the effects of child abuse have found that
- abused infants are likely to be securely attached to their mothers.
- child abuse does not affect cognitive development.
- abused children are at great risk for emotional and behavioral problems.
- abused children make deliberate attempts not to maltreat their own children when they become parents.
- Yoshio is Japanese. When controlling his behavior, Yoshio's mother is most likely to use
- power assertion.
- punishment.
- verbal reasoning.
- physical abuse.
- Tai is two weeks old. Her father is a stay-at-home dad and therefore her
primary caregiver. Tai's father probably
- is less responsive to her than her mother is.
- is just as likely as Tai's mother to hold, touch, and talk to Tai.
- spends less time playing with her than her mother does.
- has less influence on her cognitive development than her mother does.
- Boys growing up without fathers are more likely to have problems in school
achievement and control of aggression. According to contemporary views, these effects occur because
- there is no opportunity to experience identification with the father.
- mothers use less effective parenting strategies than fathers.
- the absence of the father results in a loss of a source of emotional and
financial support for the whole family.
- the absence of the father results in a loss of an appropriate masculine role
model.
- Among the factors that may contribute to the lesser influence fathers sometimes
have on the development of their children is the fact that
- children's identification with fathers is not as strong as their identification with
mothers.
- fathers are less capable and responsive as parents than are mothers.
- cultural beliefs and less familiarity with child care routines keep fathers
from participating in child rearing as much as mothers do.
- fathers engage in more physical and unpredictable play with their children,
activities that discourage a nurturant relationship.
- Magda is three years old, and her mother just had another baby. Over time, Magda is likely to develop a _____________________ relationship with
her brother if she experiences a(n) _____________________ in maternal contact.
- sibling rivalry; increase
- friendly and positive; drop
- hostile and aggressive; increase
- hostile and aggressive; drop
- Jonah is the son of middle-class parents, both of whom have full-time jobs
outside the home. Jonah will probably
- exhibit delinquent behavior.
- see his mother as an incompetent homemaker and mother.
- develop egalitarian views about male and female social roles.
- have views about male and female social roles that are similar to Jack's, whose mother has never worked outside the home.
- According to current research findings, which of the following women is likely
to have the most positive attitude toward mothering?
- Norma, who stays at home with her children because she chooses to do so.
- Jackie, who for financial reasons has to work at a full-time job while her children are in day care.
- Kathy, who is reluctantly staying home with her two children because her
husband believes it will be best for them.
- Rafaela, who has two small children and had to return to work following her
divorce.
- Research on the effects of day care on child development has found that
- day care has a severe negative impact on children's development.
- day care children have lower IQ scores than home-reared children.
- day care children show higher IQ scores and language development than home-reared
children.
- day care children are withdrawn and dependent and show emotional problems
later on.
- With respect to the effects of divorce on children, studies have demonstrated
that
- the negative effects typically diminish two years following the divorce,
although they may never be totally eliminated.
- the effects are inconsequential.
- the negative effects are not obvious until two years following the divorce.
- girls have greater difficulty adjusting to the divorce than boys.
- Donald's parents were divorced last year. It is likely that Donald
- has not completely adjusted to the divorce.
- has completely adjusted to the divorce.
- is having problems at home but not in school.
- will be even more upset when his mother remarries this year.
- Amy's parents are not really happy they are parents, and don't spend a lot time with her. Baumrind would probably classify her parents as ____________________.
- uninvolved
- authoritarian
- permissive
- authoritative
- Marvin went into his class on child development. He knows the teacher had
another section of child development in that class beforehand. On the board
he sees the phrase "family members influence one another in reciprocal fashion". Based on his reading, Marvin believes his professor will lecture about
what today?
- the family as instrumental competence.
- the family as a systems model.
- the family as a socialization factor.
- the family as an agent of child abuse.
- Toshio's parents always want to know where he is and insist that he not go out with
friends, but stay with the family at all times. They also don't really like it when he makes decisions for himself. According to Pettit,
Toshio's parents are probably showing high levels of ____________________ control.
- parental
- behavioral
- psychological
- instrumental
- Rodney and his father are in an observational study. They are supposed to build a model train together. Rodney doesn't really feel like doing this, and starts to wander off. His father says
to come back and help put the train together. When Rodney asks why, his father
says "Because I said so". Based on this information, which of the following is most reasonable?
- the family is in the middle-income level.
- the family is the lower-income level.
- the family is in the upper-income level.
- can't tell just based on this information.
- Compared to her sisters, Leslie is more obedient and socially responsible then they are. Leslie is likely to be a(n) _________________________.
- Oldest sibling
- Middle sibling
- Youngest sibling
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