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Child Development - A Thematic Approach
, Fifth Edition
Danuta Bukatko - College of the Holy Cross
Marvin W. Daehler - University of Massachusetts, Amherst
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| | Concept/Application Questions
Chapter 3:
Genetics and Heredity
- Gary's gender was determined at fertilization by his _______________ sex chromosome.
- mother's
- father's
- grandfather's
- grandmother's
- In examining a series of photomicrographs, P.J. found that each regularly revealed forty-six human chromosomes.
Then he discovered one photomicrograph that depicted only twenty-three chromosomes.
He was looking at a karyotype showing
- only the autosomes.
- a zygote.
- a gamete.
- an allele.
- Karen has blonde hair; both of her parents have brown hair. The gene for
blonde hair
- must be dominant.
- must be heterozygous.
- must be recessive.
- cannot be determined from the information given.
- Lori wants to have pre-natal testing done. She wants to use the LEAST invasive procedure. Which of
the following should she select?
- choronic villus sampling.
- amniocentesis.
- maternal blood screening.
- ultrasound.
- Krystal, whose parents migrated from a region where malaria was prevalent,
suffers from frequent infections, jaundice, and occasional severe pain as a result of
red blood cells that block small blood vessels. She also has limited energy.
Krystal has likely inherited the disorder known as
- Huntington's disease.
- sickle cell anemia.
- phenylketonuria.
- fragile X syndrome.
- Maxine and Stephen's mother is a carrier of a sex-linked recessive disorder. Maxine and Stephen
are twins. Which of the following statements is accurate?
- Maxine and Stephen are equally likely to have the disorder.
- Maxine is more likely to have the disorder.
- Stephen is more likely to have the disorder.
- Neither Maxine nor Stephen is likely to have the disorder.
- Barbara and Carl gave birth to a child with a genetic disorder. He is moderately
mentally retarded, sensitive to sounds, but surprisingly also has a large vocabulary and musical talent. This child
likely has
- fragile X syndrome.
- Down syndrome.
- PKU.
- William's disease.
- Among all the different conditions in which trisomy can occur, which of the
following seems to be associated with the greatest chance of normal development?
- Trisomy 5.
- Trisomy 13.
- Trisomy 21.
- XXY.
- Ellen has a family history of Gaucher's disease. Before she decides to have children, she may want to consult
- a psychologist.
- a doctor.
- a genetic counselor.
- her family members.
- Celeste is forty-two years old and is planning to have third child. She is
a good candidate for
- artificial insemination by donor.
- surrogate motherhood.
- in vitro fertilization.
- amniocentesis.
- The Capoletto's are concerned about the possibility of having a child with Down syndrome. What diagnostic test would
provide definitive evidence as to whether the child will be so afflicted?
- Alpha fetoprotein test.
- Amniocentesis.
- Ultrasonography.
- None of the above.
- After having given birth to three boys, Mrs. Johanssen only wants to have a girl. What kind of procedure
might now be available that seems to have the greatest possibility of increasing
her odds of conceiving a girl?
- A procedure that is based on consulting an astrologer.
- A procedure that is based on the arrangement of the furniture in the bedroom.
- A procedure that is based on the particular technique used for procreation.
- A procedure that is based on the amount of DNA in samples of sperm.
- Dr. Wu, a behavior geneticist, is interested in determining whether creativity is more similar among identical twins
or among fraternal twins. Which statistical measure should Dr. Wu use?
- The correlation coefficient.
- The concordance rate.
- Dominant-recessive analysis.
- Interactional analysis.
- A behavior geneticist studying monozygotic twins who are being raised in different
surroundings is probably trying to evaluate
- the effects of behavior on the genotype.
- the effects of the environment on behavior.
- the effects of the phenotype on behavior.
- all of the above.
- How different environments affect a child's intellectual development depends on the child's genotype. This relationship between genotype and phenotype is an example of
- an interaction.
- a correlation.
- canalization.
- heritability.
- Clorinda, who is larger and stronger than most other girls her age, chose
soccer as an after-school activity instead of arts and crafts. Her choice
is consistent with the concept of
- niche picking.
- passive correlations.
- polygenic traits.
- homozygous traits.
- Among the experiential factors that are most likely to contribute to individual
differences among siblings, the child's _____________________ may be of greatest importance.
- genotype
- niche-picking activity
- phenotype
- shared environment
- Pauline, an experienced baby sitter, has noticed that Zhe, a Chinese infant,
is easier to comfort than George and Diana, who are American infants. Such
ethnic differences among infants have been attributed to
- environmental influences on personality development.
- genetic influences on temperament.
- sociocultural influences on infant behavior.
- none of the above.
- The best example of an evocative link is
- A shy child is being reared by shy parents.
- A shy child is forced to join after-school activities.
- A good student takes on extra work.
- The work a good student does encourages a teacher to provide extra reading materials.
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