An Introduction to Physical Science: 9e

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An Introduction to Physical Science, Ninth Edition
James T. Shipman, Ohio University
Jerry D. Wilson, Lander University
Aaron W. Todd, Middle Tennessee State University

Paired Exercises

Chapter 14: Organic Chemistry

Section 14.1

Bonding in Organic Compounds

1. (Exercises 1 and 2) Determine which one of the following structural formulas is valid and which one does not represent possible covalent bonding.

(a)									(b)

All of the elements in the two structural formulas shown above are correct except the fluorine, F, in (a), which can form only one bond and not two, as shown; therefore, formula (a) is not valid. Formula (b) is valid as written and is actually the structural formula for isopropyl alcohol.

Section 14.2

Aromatic Hydrocarbons

2. (Exercises 3 and 4) Draw the structural formulas and give the names for all possible tetramethylbenzenes.


1,2,3,4-tetramethylbenzene	1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene	1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene

Section 14.3

Aliphatic Hydrocarbons

3. (Exercises 7 and 8) Use each of the following names to classify each hydrocarbon as an alkane, cycloalkane, alkene, alkyne, or aromatic.

(a) 2-Butene	(b) Ethyne (acetylene)
(c) Methylbenzene (toluene)	(d) 2-Methylpropane (Isobutane)

The hydrocarbons named above have the following classifications:

(a) 2-Butene is an alkene;

(b) Ethyne is an alkyne;

(d) 2-Methylpropane is an alkane.

Section 14.4

Derivatives of Hydrocarbons

4. (Exercises 17 and 18) Identify each condensed structural formula as belonging to an alkyl halide, alcohol, amine, carboxylic acid, ester, or amide.

(a) CH₃CH₂CH₂NH₂	Answers:	(a) is an amine
(b) CH₃CH₂CH₂OH		(b) is an alcohol
(c) CH₃CH₂CH₂F		(c) is an alkyl halide

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