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The Earth and Its Peoples: A Global History, Third Edition
Richard W. Bulliet, Pamela Kyle Crossley, Daniel R. Headrick, Steven W. Hirsch, Lyman L. Johnson, David Northrup

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Alphabetical Listing

Listing by Chapter

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

A

Term	Pronunciation
A’isha	AH-ee-shah
Abbasid	ah-BASS-id
'Abd al-Qadir	AHB-dahl-KAH-deer
Abd al-Rahman	AHB-d al-ruh-MAHN
Abdul Mejid	ab-dul MAY-jeed
Abkhazia	ab-KAH-zee-ah
Abu Bakr	ab-boo BAK-uhr
Abu Bakr	a-BOO BAK-uhr
Achaean	uh-KEY-uhn
Achaeans	uh-KEY-uhns
Achaemenid	a-KEY-muh-nid
Acheh	AH-cheh
Achilles	uh-KIL-eez
Aden	AY-den
Adowa	AH-doe-ah
Aeneas Sylvius Piccolomini	uh-NEE-uhs SIL-vee-uhs pee-kuh-lo-MEE-nee
Afrikaner	af-rih-KAHN-uhr
Agamemnon	ag-uh-MEM-non
Agustín de Iturbide	ah-goos-TEEN deh ee-tur-BEE-deh
Ahasuerus	uh-HAZZ-yoo-ear-uhs
Ahhijawa	uh-key-YAW-wuh
ahimsa	uh-HIM-sah
Ahmadabad	AH-muhd-ah-bahd
Ahmose	AH-mose
Ahuramazda	ah-HOOR-uh-MAZZ-duh
Ain Jalut	ine jah-LOOT
Akkad	AH-kahd
Akkadian	uh-KAY-dee-uhn
Aksum	Ahk-soom
Alalakh	UH-luh-luhk
Alamut	ah-lah-moot
Ala-ud-din Khalji	uh-LAH-ud-DEEN KAL-jee
Alexius Comnenus	uh-LEX-see-uhs kom-NAY-nuhs
Algarve	ahl-GAHRV
Allah	AH-luh
Almohad	AL-moe-had
Almoravid	al-moe-RAH-vid
al-Sadat	al-seh-DAT
Amarna	uh-MAHR-nuh
ambergris	AM-ber-grees
Ambon	am-BOHN
Amenhotep	ah-muhn-HOE-tep
Amon	AH-muhn
Amorite	AM-uh-rite
Amur	AH-moor
An Lushan	ahn loo-shahn
Anasazi	ah-nah-SAH-zee
ancien régime	ahn-see-EN ray-ZHEEM
anderun	an-deh-ROON
Angkor	ANG-kor
Angra Mainyu	ANG-ruh MINE-yoo
Ankara	ANG-kuh-ruh
Annam	ahn-nahm
anthropomorphic	an-thruh-puh-MORE-fik
Antigone	ar-TIG-uh-nee
Antigonid	an-TIG-uh-nid
Antoinette	ann twah-NET
Anyang	ahn-yahng
apartheid	uh-PAHRT-ate
Apiru	uh-PEE-roo
Aquinas	uh-KWY-nuhs
Arafat	AR-uh-fat
Aramaic	ar-uh-MAY-ik
Arawak	AR-uh-wahk
Archilochus	ahr-KIL-uh-kuhs
Arianism	AIR-ree-uh-niz-uhm
Aristophanes	ar-uh-STOFF-uh-neze
Aristotle	AR-ih-stah-tahl
Arjuna	AHR-joo-nuh
Asante	uh-SAWN-tay
Ashikaga	ah-shee-KAH-gah
Ashurbanipal	ah-shur-BAH-nuh-pahl
askeri	AS-keh-ree
Astarte	uh-STAHR-tee
Aswan	AS-wahn
Aten	AHT-n
Augusto Pinochet	ah-GOOS-toh pin-oh-CHET
Aurangzeb	ow-rang-ZEB
Australopithecine	aw-strah-loh-PITH-uh-seen
Australopithecus africanus	aw-strah-loh-PITH-uh-kuhs ah-frih-KAH-nuhs
Averroës	uh-VERR-oh-eez
Avicenna	av-uh-SEN-uh
Avignon	ah-vee-NYON
Awdaghost	OW-duh-gost
Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini	A-yat-ol-LAH ROOH-ol-LAH ko-MAY-nee
ayllu	aye-YOU
Ayuba Suleiman Diallo	ah-YOO-bah SOO-lay-mahn JAH-loh
Azores	A-zorz

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B

Term	Pronunciation
Babur	BAH-bur
Bactria	BAK-tree-uh
Bahmani	bah MAHN-ee
Balboa	bal-BOH-uh
Balkh	bahlk
Baluchistan	buh-loo-chi-STAN
Bastille	bass-TEEL
Batu	BAH-too
Bayazid	BAY-yan-zeed
Bayeux	bay-YUH
Beijing	bay-JING
Benguela	ben-GWAY-luh
Benito Juárez	beh-NEE-toh WAH-rez
Berytus	buh-RIE-tuhs
Bihar	bee-HAHR
bilad al-sudan	bih-LAD uhs-soo-DAN
Blaise Diagne	blez dee-AHN-yuh
blitzkrieg	BLITS-creeg
Bo Zhuyi	baw joo-ee
bodhisattva	boe-dih-SUT-vuh
Bologna	boe-LOAN-yuh
Bordeaux	bor-DOH
Bosporus	BAHS-puhr-uhs
bourgeoisie	boor-zwah-ZEE
boyar	BOY-ar
Bramo Samaj	BRAH-moh suh-MAHJ
Brescia	BREH-shee-uh
Bruges	broozh
Brunei	broo-NIE
Brunei	BROO-nie
Buenos Aires	BWAY-nihs AIR-eze
Bukhara	boo-CAR-ruh
Buyid	BOO-yid
Byblos	BIB-loss
Byrsa	BURR-suh

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C

Term	Pronunciation
Cabral	kah-BRAHL
Calicut	KAL-ih-cut
Calles	KAH-yace
Cambyses	kam-BIE-sees
caravel	KAR-uh-vel
carnelian	kahr-NEEL-yuhn
Carolingian	kah-roe-LIN-gee-uhn
Carolus Linnaeus	kar-ROLL-uhs lin-NEE-uhs
castas	CAZ-tahs
Çatal Hüyük	cha-TAHL hoo-YOOK
Çatal Hüyük	cha-TAHL hoo-YOOK
Caucasus	KAW-kuh-suhs
caudillo	kouh-DEE-yoh
Celts	kelts
Cernunnos	KURN-you-nuhs
Cetshwayo	set-SHWAH-yo
Ceuta	say-OO-tuh
Chaim Weizmann	hi-um VITES-mun
Champagne	sham-PAIN
Chang’an	chahng-ahn
Charlemagne	SHAHR-leh-mane
Chavín	cha-VEEN
Chavín de Huántar	cha-BEAN day WAHN-tar
Che Guevara	chay guh-VAHR-uh
Chiang Kai-shek	chang kie-shek
Chimú	chee-MOO
chinampas	chee-NAM-pahs
cholera	KAHL-uhr-uh
Choshu	CHOE-shoo
cinchona	sin-CHO-nah
Cixi	tsuh-shee
Cluny	KLOO-nee
Cnossus	NOSS-suhs
Coeur	cur
Colbert	kohl-BEAR
conquistador	kon-KEY-stuh-dor
Constantinople	cahn-stan-tih-NO-pul
Cortés	kor-TEZ
coureurs de bois	koo-RUHR day BWA
Crimea	cry-MEE-ah
Crimean	cry-ME-uhn
cuneiform	kyoo-NEE-uh-form
Cyclopes	sigh-KLOE-pees
Cyrillic	sih-RIL-ik

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D

Term	Pronunciation
Daedalus	DED-ih-luhs
Dai Viet	die vee-yet
dalai lama	DAH-lie LAH-mah
Dante Alighieri	DAHN-tay ah-lee-GYEH-ree
Daoist	DOW-ist
Darius	duh-RIE-uhs
Das Kapital	DUSS cop-ee-TALL
Date Masamuni	dah-tay mah-sah-moo-nee
Deccan	de-KAN
Dehua	duh-HUA
Deir el-Bahri	DIRE uhl-BAH-ree
Delhi	DEL-ee
Deng Xiaoping	dung shee-yao-ping
denga	DENG-ah
Denis Diderot	duh-nee DEE-duh-roe
descamisados	des-cah-mee-SAH-dohs
Deshima	DUH-shee-ma
Deuteronomic	doo-tuhr-uh-NAHM-ik
devshirme	dev-sheer-MEH
dhoti	DOE-tee
dhow	dow
Dhuoda	do-OH-dah
Diagne	dee-AHN-yuh
Diáz	DEE-as
Diem	dee-YEM
Dienbienphu	dee-yen-bee-yen-FOO
Dionysia	die-uh-NIZ-ee-uh
Disraeli	diz-RAY-lee
Djoser	JO-sur
Dnieper	d-NYEP-er
Dos Pilas	dohs PEE-las
Dravidian	druh-VID-ee-uhn
duchy	DUTCH-ee
Dupleix	doo-PLAY
Dyula	JOO-lah

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E

Term	Pronunciation
Ebla	EH-bluh
Edessa	ih-DESS-suh
Edo	ED-doe
Ekwesh	ECK-wesh
Elamite	ee-luh-mite
encomienda	in-co-mee-EN-dah
Enkidu	EN-kee-doo
Entente	on-TONT
entrepôt	ON-truh-poh
Epona	eh-POH-nuh
Erasmus	uh-RAZ-muhs
Eretria	er-EH-tree-uh
Erythraean	eh-RITH-ree-an
Estado Novo	esh-TAH-doe NO-vo
Euphrates	you-FRAY-teez
Eva Duarte Perón	AY-vuh doo-AR-tay pair-OWN
Exclusif	ek-skloo-SEEF

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F

Term	Pronunciation
Faisal	fie-SAHL
Faiyum	fie-YOOM
Farabundo Martí	fah-rah-BOON-doh mar-TEE
Faruq	fuh-ROOK
Fatimid	FAT-uh-mid
favela	feh-VEL-luh
Faxian	fah-shee-en
Faxian	fah-shee-en
Faysal	FIE-suhl
Ferghana	fer-GAH-nuh
Fibonacci	fee-bo-NACH-chee
Firuz Shah	fuh-ROOZ shah
Franceso Petrarch	fran-CHES-koh PAY-trahrk
Francisco Solano López	fran-CEES-co so-LAN-oh LOH-pez
Fuggers	FOOG-uhrz
Führer	FEW-er
Fujiwara	foo-jee-WAH-rah
Fulani	foo-LAH-nee
Fustat	fuss-TAHT

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G

Term	Pronunciation
Galileo Galilei	gal-uh-LAY-oh gal-uh-LAY-ee
Gallipoli	gah-LIP-po-lee
Gamal Abd al-Nasir	gah-MAHL AHB-d al-NAH-suhr
Gandhi	GAHN-dee
Gansu	gahn-soo
Gaugamela	GAW-guh-mee-luh
Ge Hong	guh hoong
Gebel Barkal	JEB-uhl BAHR-kahl
Genghis Khan	GENG-iz KAHN
Genoese	JEN-oh-eez
gens de couleur	zhahn deh koo-LUHR
Georges Clemenceau	zhorzh cluh-mon-SO
Getulio Vargas	jay-TOO-lee-oh VAR-gus
Ghadir al-Khumm	ga-DEER al-KUM
Ghana	GAH-nuh
Ghazan	haz-zan
Ghent	gent [hard g as in get]
Ghiyas al-Din Jamshid al-Kashi	gee-YASS ad-DIN jam-sheed ak-KAHSH
Giotto	JAW-toh
Giovanni Boccaccio	jo-VAH-nee boh-KAH-chee-oh
Girondist	juh-RON-dist
Giuseppe Mazzini	jew-SEP-pay mots-EE-nee
Gobi	GO-bee
Gomorrah	guh-MORE-uh
Gorbachev	GORE-beh-CHOF
grands blancs	grawn blawnk
Guangzhou	gwahng-jo
Guiana	ghee-AH-nuh
Guianas	guy-AHN-uhs
Gujarat	goo-juh-RAHT
gulag	GOO-log
Guomindang	gwo-min-dong
gutta-percha	gut-tah-PER-cha
Güyük	gi-yik

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H

Term	Pronunciation
Habsburg	HABZ-berg
hadith	hah-DEETH
Hagia Sophia	AH-yah SOH-fee-uh
Haile Selassie	HI-lee seh-LASS-ee
Hakata	HAH-kah-tah
Hakra	HAK-ruh
halal	haa-LAAL
Hammurabi	HAM-uh-rah-bee
han'gul	HAHN-goor
Hangzhou	hahng-jo
Hanseatic	han-see-AT-ik
harijan	HAH-ree-jahn
Harun al-Rashid	hah-ROON al-rah-SHEED
Hatshepsut	hat-SHEP-soot
Hattusha	haht-tush-SHAH
hauberk	HAW-berk
Hausa	HOW-suh
Hejaz	HEE-jaz
Heliopolis	he-lee-OP-uh-lis
Hellenes	HELL-leans
helot	HELL-ut
Henan	heh-nahn
Herero	hair-AIR-oh
Herodotus	heh-ROD-uh tuhs
Heshen	huh-shun
Heyerdahl	HIGH-uhr-dahl
hidalgos	ee-DAHL-goes
hieroglyphics	high-ruh-GLIF-iks
hijra	HIJ-ruh
Hildebrand	HILL-de-brand
Himalaya	him-uh-LAY-uh
Himalayas	him-uh-LAY-uhs
Hipólito Irigoyen	ee-POH-lee-toe ee-ree-GO-yen
Hittite	HIT-ite
Ho Chi Minh	hoe chee min
Holocene	HAWL-oh-seen
hominid	HOM-uh-nid
Homo erectus	HOH-moh ee-REK-tuhs
Homo habilis	HOH-moh HAB-uh-luhs
Homo sapiens	HOH-moh SAY-pee-enz
Hong Xiuquan	hoong shee-OH-chew-an
Honshu	hahn-shoo
Huang Dao Po	hwahng DOW poh
Huang He	hwang huh
Huitzilopochtli	wheat-zeel-oh-POSHT-lee
Hülegü	HE-luh-gee
Husayn	hoo-SANE
Hwanghnyong-sa	hwahng-NEEYAHNG-sah
Hyksos	HICK-soes

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I

Term	Pronunciation
Ibadan	ee-BAH-dahn
Ibn al-Arabi	IB-uhn ahl-AH-rah-bee
Ibn al-Haytham	IB-uhn al-HY-tham
Ibn Battuta	IB-uhn ba-TOO-tuh
Ibn Khaldun	ee-bin hal-DOON
Ibn Rushd	IB-uhn RUSHED
ibn Salim	ee-bin sah-leem
Ibn Sina	IB-unh SEE-nah
Ibn Tufayl	IB-uhn too-FILE
Ibn Tumart	IB-uhn TOO-mahrt
Ibrahim Pasha	EEB-RAH-heem PAH-shah
Ieyasu	ee-yeh-YAH-soo
Igbo	EE-boh
Il Duce	eel DOO-chay
Il-khan	IL-con
Iltutmish	il-TOOT-mish
Iolcus	YOL-kuhs
Isabel Martínez de Perón	EES-ah-bell mar-TEEN-ehz deh pair-OWN
Isandhlwana	ee-sawn-dull-WAH-nah
Isfahan	is-fah-HAHN
Ismail	is-mah-EEL
Ivan	ee-VAHN
Izmir	IZ-meer

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J

Term	Pronunciation
Jacobin	JAK-uh-bin
Jagadai	jahg-ah-die
Jain	jine
Jainism	JINE-iz-uhm
Jan van Eyck	yahn vahn-IKE
Janissaries	JAN-nih-say-rees
Janissary	JAN-nih-say-ree
Jean-Jacques Rousseau	zhahn-zhock roo-SOE
Jericho	JER-ih-koe
Jiang Qing	jyahn ching
Jiangxi	jang-she
Jiménez	he-MEH-nes
Jingdezhen	JING-deh-JUHN
Jinnah	jee-NAH
João Goulart	juwow go-LARHT
Johann Gutenberg	yoh-HAHN GOO-ten-burg
José Antonio Páez	hoe-SAY an-TOE-nee-oh PAH-eez
José de San Martín	hoe-SAY deh san mar-TEEN
José María Morelos	hoe-SAY mah-REE-ah moh-RAY-los
José Uriburu	hoe-SAY oo-ree-BOO-roo
Juan Manuel de Rosas	huan man-WELL deh ROH-sas
Juan Perón	hoo-AHN pair-OWN
Junta	HUN-tah
Juvaini	joo-VINE-nee

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K

Term	Pronunciation
Ka’ba	KAH-buh
Kaffa	KAH-fah
Kaifeng	kie-fuhng
Kalhu	KAL-oo
Kamakura	kah-mah-KOO-rah
kamikazi	KUM-i-kuh-zee
Kamose	KAH-mose
Kanagawa	KAH-nah-GAH-wah
Kanem-Bornu	KAH-nuhm-BOR-noo
Kangxi	KAHNG-shee
Karakorum	kah-rah-KOR-um
Karol Wojtyla	KAH-rol voy-TIL-ah
Kashgar	kahsh-gar
Kassite	KAS-ite
Kathiawar	kah-tee-uh-WAHR
keiretsu	kay-REHT-soo
Keraits	keh-rates
Khadija	kah-DEE-juh
khalifa	kah-LEE-fuh
khan-balikh	kahn-BAL-ik
Khartoum	khar-TOOM
khedive	kuh-DEEV
Khefren	KEF-ren
khipus	KEY-pooz
Khoisan	KOI-sahn
Khrushchev	KROOSH-chef
Khubilai	KOO-bih-lie
Khufu	KOO-foo
Khurasan	kor-uh-SAHN
Khwarazmshah	hwa-RAZZ-um-shah
Kiev	KEE-yev
Kikuyu	kih-KOO-you
Kipchak	KIP-chahk
Kitan	kee-tan
Koryo	KAW-ree-oh
Kosovo	KO-so-vo
Krishna	KRISH-nuh
Kshatriya	kshuh-TREE-yuh
kulaks	COO-lox
Kwame Nkrumah	KWAH-mee nn-KROO-muh
Kyoto	kee-YO-toe
Kyrgyzstan	KIR-gih-stan
Kyushu	KYOO-shoo

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L

Term	Pronunciation
La Venta	LA BEN-tah
laissez faire	lay-say fair
Lalibela	LAH-lee-BEL-uh
lama	LAH-mah
Laos	louse
lapis lazuli	LAP-is LAZ-uh-lee
Lázaro Cárdenas	LAH-sah-roe KAHR-dih-nahs
Le Corbusier	luh cor-booz-YEH
Lebensraum	LAY-bens-rowm
Lech Walesa	leck wah-LESS-ah
legume	LEG-yoom
Leonardo da Vinci	lay-own-AHR-doh dah-VIN-chee
Leonid Brezhnev	leh-oh-NEED BREZ-nef
Lesotho	luh-SOO-too
Levant	luh-VANT
Li Shimin	lee shir-meen
Li Zicheng	lee ZUH-cheng
Liao	lee-OW
Lin Zexu	lin zuh-SHOO
lineage	LIN-ee-ij
Lithuania	lith-oo-WAY-nee-ah
loess	less
Louis Philippe	loo-EE-fee-LEEP
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe	LOOD-vig MEES fon der ROW-uh
Lug	loog
lugal	LOO-guhl
Luo Guanzhong	LAW GWAHB-JOONG
Luoyang	LWOE-yahng
Lysistrata	lis-uh-STRAH-tuh

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M

Term	Pronunciation
ma’at	muh-AHT
Macao	muh-COW
Madeira	muh-DEER-uh
madrasa	MAH-dras-uh
Mahan	mah-HAHN
maharaja	mah-huh-RAH-juh
maharajah	mah-huh-RAH-juh
Mahayana	Mah-HAH-YAH-nah
Mahdi	MAH-dee
Mahmud	MACH-mood
maize	mayz
Majapahit	mah-jah-PAH-hit
Malacca	muh-LAH-kuh
Malay	May-LAY
Malinke	muh-LING-kay
Mallia	mahl-YAH
Mamluk	MAM-look
Manaus	meh-NOWSE
Manchukuo	man-CHEW-coo-oh
manikongo	mah-NEE-KONG-goh
Mansa Kankan Musa	MAHN-suh KAHN-kahn MOO-suh
Mansa Suleiman	MAHN-suh SOO-lay-mahn
mansabdars	man-sab-DAHRZ
mansabs	MAN-sabz
Manuel Noriega	MAN-wel no-ree-EGG-ah
Manzikert	MANZ-ih-kuhrt
Mao Zedong	maow dzuh-dong
Maori	MOW-ree [ow as in cow]
Mapuches	mah-POO-chez
Maraga	mah-rah-gah
Maratha	muh-RAH-tuh
Marco Polo	mar-koe POE-loe
Mari	MAH-ree
Markuz	MARK-uhz
Marquesas	mar-KAY-suhs
Marrakesh	MAH-rah-kesh
Mataram	MAH-tah-ram
matriarchy	MAY-tree-ahr-key
matrilineal	mat-ruh-LIN-ee-uhl
Matteo Ricci	ma-TAY-o REE-chee
Mauritius	maw-REE-shuss
Maurya	MORE-yuh
Mauryan	MORE-yuhn
Maya	MY-ah
Mazarin	MAZ-uh-rin, maz-uh-RAN
Mbuti	m-BOO-tee
Medici	MED-ih-chee
Mehmed	MEH-met
Meiji	MAY-gee
Mein Kampf	mine compf
Melanesia	mel-uh-NEE-zhuh
Melanesian	mel-uh-NEE-zhuhn
Melqart	MEL-kahrt
Menelik	MEN-uh-lik
Menes	MEH-neez
Meroë	MER-oh-ee
mestizo	mess-TEE-zoh
métis	may-TEES
Metternich	MET-uhr-nik
Mexica	meh-SHE-ca
Miao	mee-ow
Michel Boym	mee-SHELL bwam
Michelangelo	my-kuhl-AN-juh-low
Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla	mee-GEHL ee-DAHL-go ee cos-TEA-ah
Mindanao	min-duh-NOW
Minoan	mih-NO-uhn
Minotaur	MIN-uh-tor
mita	MEE-tah
mit'a	MEET-ah
Mitanni	mih-TAH-nee
Mitsui	MIT-soo-ee
Mocha	MOH-kuh
Moche	MO-che
Moctezuma	mock-teh-ZOO-ma
Mohenjo-Daro	moe-hen-joe-DAHR-oh
Moluccas	muh-LOO-kuhz
Monophysite	muh-NAH-fi-site
Mozambique	moe-zam-BEEK
Mu’awiya	moo-AH-we-yuh
Mughal	MOO-guhl
Mughal	MOO-guhl
Muhammad Ali	moo-HAM-mad AH-lee
Muscovy	MUSS-koe-vee
Mutsuhito	moo-tsoo-HE-toe
Myanmar	myahn-MAH
Mycenae	my-SEE-nee
Mycenaean	my-suh-NEE-uhn
myrrh	murr
Mysore	my-SORE

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N

Term	Pronunciation
Nabopolassar	NAB-oh-poe-lass-uhr
Nagasaki	nah-gah-SAH-kee
Nairobi	nie-ROE-bee
Najaf	NAH-jaf
Nalanda	nuh-LAN-duh
Nan Zhao	nan-jow
Nanjing	nahn-JING
Nantes	nahnt
Napata	na-PAY-tuh
Naqsh-i Rustam	NUHK-shee ROOS-tuhm
Nara	NAH-rah
Naranjo	na-ROHN-hoe
Nasir al-Din Tusi	nah-zer ad-DEEN toos
nawab	NAH-wab
Ndebele	en-duh-BELL-ay
Nebuchadnezzar	NAB-oo-kuhd-nez-uhr
Nefertiti	nef-uhr-TEE-tee
Nehru	NAY-roo
Neolithic	nee-oh-LITH-ik
Nevskii	nih-EFF-skee
Nguni	ng-GOO-nee
Nicaea	neye-SEE-uh
Nicolae Ceausescu	neh-koh-LIE chow-SHES-koo
Nineveh	NIN-uh-vuh
Nizam al-Mulk	nee-ZAHM al-MULK
noblesse de robe	no-BLES deh ROHB
noblesse d'épée	no-BLES day-PAY
Novgorod	NOHV-goh-rod
Nur al-Din ibn Zangi	NOOR-al-DEEN ib-uhn ZAN-gee
Nyamwezi	nn-nyahm-WAY-zee

[Top]

O

Term	Pronunciation
Obregón	oh-bray-GAWN
Oduduwa	oh-DOO-doo-wah
Ogé	oh-ZHAY
Ögödei	ERG-uh-day
Okinawa	oh-kee-NAH-wah
Olaudah Equiano	oh-LAU-duh ay-kwee-AHN-oh
Olduvai	ol-DOO-vy
oligarchy	OLL-ih-gahr-key
oligarquía	oh-lee gar-KEE-ah
Olmec	OHL-meck
Omar Khayyam	oh-mar KIE-yam
Osaka	OH-sah-kah
Osiris	oh-SIGH-ris
Osmanli	os-MAHN-lee
Otto von Bismark	UTT-oh fun BIS-mark
Oudh	OW-ad

[Top]

P

Term	Pronunciation
Palembang	pah-lem-BONG
palenques	pah-LENK-kays
Paleolithic	pay-lee-oh-LITH-ik
Palmyra	pal-MY-ruh
Pamir	pah-MEER
pampas	POM-pus
Panathenaea	pan-ath-uh-NEE-uh
papacy	PAY-puh-see
papyrus	puh-PIE-ruhs
patriarchate	PAY-tree-ar-kayt
patrilineal	pat-ruh-LIN-ee-uhl
Patrona Halil	pa-TROH-nuh ha-LEEL
Peloponnese	PELL-eh-puh-neze
perestroika	per-ih-STROY-kuh
Pericles	PER-eh-kleez
petits blancs	pay-TEE blawnk
Phaistos	FIE-stuhs
Phoenician	fi-NEE-shuhn
Phoinikes	FOY-nee-kes
Piraeus	pih-RAY-uhs
Pisistratus	pie-SIS-truh-tuhs
Pleistocene	PLY-stuh-seen
Po Zhuyi	boh joo-yee
polis	POE-lis
Pondicherry	pon-dir-CHEH-ree
pontifex maximus	PAHN-tih-fex MAX-ih-muhs
Port Said	port sah-EED
Potosí	poh-toh-SEE
Ptah	puh-TAH
Ptolemaic	tawl-uh-MAY-ik
Ptolemies	TAWL-uh-meze
Punt	poont
Pygmy	PIG-mee
Pylos	PIE-lohs
Pythia	PITH-ee-uh

[Top]

Q

Term	Pronunciation
qadi	KAW-dee
Qayrawan	kire-ah-WAHN
Qazvin	kaz-VEEN
Qianlong	chee-YEN-loong
Qin	chin
Qinghai	CHING-hie
qizilbash	KIH-zil-bahsh
Quaque	KWAH-kay
Quebec	kwuh-BEC
Quetzalcoatl	kate-zahl-CO-ah-tal
quilombos	key-LOM-bos
quinoa	kee-NOH-uh
Quran	kuh-RAHN
Quraysh	koo-RYYSH

[Top]

R

Term	Pronunciation
Rabban Sauma	rahb-bahn SAU-ma
Rajputs	RAHJ-putz
Ramesses	ram-ih-SEEZ
Rashid al-Din	ra-SHEED ad-DEEN
raya	RAH-yah
Raziya	rah-ZEE-uh
Re	ray
Reichstag	RIKES-tog
Reza Pahlavi	REH-zah PAH-lah-vee
Riazan	ree-AH-zahn
Richelieu	ree-shuh-LYOO
Rio de Janeiro	REE-oh day zhuh-NAIR-oh
Rio Grande do Sul	REE-oh GRAN-dee do SOOL
Robespierre	ROBES-pee-air
Romanesque	roe-man-ESK
Romanov	ROE-man-off or roe-MAN-off
ronin	ROH-neen

[Top]

S

Term	Pronunciation
Saddam Husain	sah-DAHM who-SANE
Safavi	SAH-fah-vee
Sagres	SAH-gresh
Sahel	SAH-hel
Saint Domingue	san do-MANGH
Saint-Germain	san-chur-MEN
sake	SAH-kay
Salamis	SAH-lah-miss
Salvador Allende	sal-vah-DOR ah-YEHN-day
Samanid	sah-MAN-id
Samarkand	SAM-mar-kahnd
samizdat	sah-meez-DAHT
samurai	SAH-moo-rie
Sandinistas	sahn-din-EES-tahs
São Paulo	sow PAL-oh
São Tomé	sow toh-MAY
Saqqara	suh-KAHR-uh
Saracen	SAR-uh-suhn
Sarai	sah-RYE
Sarepta	suh-REP-tuh
Sargon	SAHR-gone
Sasanid	suh-SAH-nid
sati	suh-TEE
satrap	SAY-trap
Satsuma	SAT-soo-mah
satyagraha	suh-TYAH-gruh-huh
sawahil	suh-WAH-hil
schism	SKIZ-uhm
scholasticism	skoh-LAS-tih-sizm
Scythian	SITH-ee-uhn
Seine	sen
Sékou Touré	SAY-koo too-RAY
Seleucid	sih-LOO-sid
Selim	seh-LEEM
Seljuk	SEL-jook
Semitic	suh-MIT-ik
sepoy	SEE-poy
seppuku	SEP-poo-koo
Shaanxi	SHAWN-she
Shahan-shah	SHAH-han-SHAH
Shang	shahng
Shangdu	shahng-DOO
Shanghai	shahng-hie
Shari’a	sha-REE-ah
shawabti	shuh-WAB-tee
shawabtis	shuh-WAB-tees
Shephelah	sheh-FEH-luh
Shi’ite	SHE-ite
Shudra	SHOOD-ra
Sichuan	SUH-chwahn
Siena	see-EN-uh
Sierra Leone	see-ER-uh lee-OWN
Sijilmasa	sih-jil-MAS-suh
Sikh	seek
Silla	SILL-ah or SHILL-ah
Simón Bolívar	see-MOAN bow-LEE-varh
Sind	sinned
Sinhalese	sin-huh-LEEZ
Sogdiana	sog-dee-A-nuh
Sokoto	SOH-kuh-toh
Solzhenitzen	sol-zhuh-NEET-sin
Song	soong
Songhai	song-GAH-ee
Soninke	soh-NIN-kay
Sri Lanka	sree LAHNG-kuh
Srivijava	sree-vih-JUH-yuh
Sufism	SOO-fiz-uhm
Sui	sway
Suleiman	SOO-lay-man
Sumanguru	soo-muhn-GOO-roo
Summa Theologica	SOOM-uh thee-uh-LOH-jih-kuh
Sun Yat-sen	soon yot-SEN
Sundiata	soon-JAH-tuh
Sunni	SUN-nee
Swahili	swah-HEE-lee

[Top]

T

Term	Pronunciation
Tabriz	taw-BREEZE
Tahert	TAH-hert
Tahmasp	tah-MAHSP
Taika	TIE-kah
Taiping	tie-PING
Takla Makan	TAH-kluh muh-KAHN
Takrur	TAHK-roor
tamga	TAHM-gah
Tang	tahng
Tanggut	TAHNG-gut
Tanit	TAH-nit
Tanzimat	TAHNZ-ee-MAT
Tecumseh	teh-CUM-sah
Tehuacán	teh-wah-KAHN
Temüjin	TEM-uh-jin
Tenochtitlan	teh-noch-TIT-lan
Teotihuacan	teh-o-tee-WAH-kahn
Teutonic	two-TOHN-ik
Téwodros	tay-WOH-druhs
Thailand	TIE-land
Thar	tahr
Thayendanegea	ta YEHN dah NEY geh ah
Theravada	there-eh-VAH-duh
Thermopylae	thuhr-MOP-uh-lee
Theseus	THEE-see-uhs
Thesmophoria	thes-moe-FOE-ree-uh
Thucydides	thoo-SID-ih-dees
Tiamat	TIE-ah-mat
Tian	tee-en
Tiananmen	tee-yehn-ahn-men
Tiglathpileser	TIG-lath-pih-LEE-zuhr
Tigris	TIE-gris
Timbuktu	tim-buk-TOO
Timur	tem-EER
Tiryns	TEER-inz
Tiwanaku	tee-wah-NA-coo
Toghoril	TOE-hoe-rill
Tokugawa	toe-koo-GAH-wah
Toltec	TOLL-tek
tophet	TOE-fet
Topilitzin	tow-PEELT-zeen
Tordesillas	tor-duh-SEE-yuhs
Toussaint L'Ouverture	too-SAN loo-ver-CHORE
Transvaal	trans-VAHL
Tres Zapotes	TRACE zah-POE-tace
Tripitaka	tri-PIH-tah-kah
trireme	TRY-reem
tsar	zahr
Tsirinana	tsee-REE-nah-nah
Tuareg	TWAH-reg
Tughlug	toog-LOOK
Tughril	TUUG-ruhl
Tula	TOO-la
Tunisia	too-NEE-zhee-uh
Tuscany	TUS-kuh-nee
Tutankhamun	toot-ahng-KAH-muhn
Tuthmosis	tuth-MOE-sis
Tyre	tire

[Top]

U

Term	Pronunciation
Ugarit	OO-guh-reet
Uigur	WEE-ger
Ukraine	you-CRANE
ulama	oo-leh-MAH
Ulugh Beg	oo-look bek
Umayyad	oo-MY-ad
umma	UM-muh
Upanishads	oo-PAHN-ih-shahds
Urartu	ur-RAHR-too
Urdu	ER-doo
Uruk	OO-rook
Usamah bin Ladin	oo-SAH-mah bin LAH-din
Usuman dan Fodio	OO-soo-mahn dahn FOH-dee-oh
Uthman	ooth-MAHN
utopian	you-TOE-pee-uhn
Uzbekistan	uzz-BEK-ih-stan

[Top]

V

Term	Pronunciation
Vaclav Havel	vah-SLAV hah-VEL
Vaishya	VIESH-yuh
Vallon Pont-d’Arc	vah-LON pon-DAHRK
Varangians	va-RAN-gee-anz
Vedas	VAY-duhs
Versailles	vuhr-SIGH
Vijayanagar	vee-juh-yah-NAH-gar
Violeta Chamorro	vee-oh-LET-ah cha-MOR-roe
Vladimir	VLAD-ih-mir
Vladimir Zworykin	VLAD-ih-meer ZWOR-ih-kin
Volga	VOHL-gah

W

Term	Pronunciation
Wac-Chanil-Ahau	wac-cha-NEEL-ah-HOW
Wang	wahng
Wari	WAH-ree
Wehrmacht	VAIR-mokt
Wei	way
Wu Zhao	woo jow

[Top]

X

Term	Pronunciation
Xanadu	ZAH-nah-doo
Xenophanes	zeh-NOFF-eh-nees
Xenophon	ZEN-uh-fuhn
Xerxes	ZERK-sees
Xhosa	KOH-sah
Xinjiang	shin-jee-yahng
Xiongnu	SHE-OONG-noo
Xuanzang	shoo-wen-zahng

[Top]

Y

Term	Pronunciation
Yang Guifei	yahng gway-fay
Yangzi	yang-zuh
Yangzi	yahng-zeh
Yelu Chucai	yay-loo CHOO-tsye
Yermak Timofeyovich	YAIR-mak tih-mo-FAY-oh-vich or tih-mo-fay-OH-vich
Yi	YEE
Yohannes	yoh-HAHN-nehs
Yongle	yoong-LAW
Yoruba	yoh-roo-bah
Ypres	EE-pruh
Yuan	yu-wenn
Yuan Shikai	you-AHN she-KIE
Yunnan	YOON-nahn

[Top]

Z

Term	Pronunciation
Zagros	ZAG-ruhs
zaibatsu	zye-BOT-soo
zaibatsu	zie-BOT-soo
Zaire	zah-EER
Zambezi	zam-BEE-zee
Zamorin	ZAH-much-ruhn
Zapata	zeh-PAH-teh
Zebu	ZEE-boo
Zeila	ZEYE-luh
Zeng Guofan	zung gwoh-FAN
Zhang Jian	jahng jee-en
Zheng He	jung huh
Zhou	joe
Zhu Yuanzhang	JOO yuwen JAHNG
ziggurat	ZIG-uh-rat
Zimbabwe	zim-BAH-bway
Zollverein	TSOLL-feh-rine
Zoroastrianism	zo-ro-ASS-tree-uh-niz-uhm





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