Unit 5: Early Middle Ages / Franks
The Strasbourg Oaths
From Nithard. Chronicle. As reproduced in A Source Book for Medieval History, ed. Oliver J. Thatcher and Edgar H. McNeal (New York: Scribner, 1905), 60-62.
So Louis [the German] and Charles [the Bald] came together at Argentaria, which is called Strasbourg in the common tongue, and there took the oaths which are given below, Louis speaking in the lingua romana [Romance] and Charles in the lingua teudisca [Germanic]. . . . Louis, being the elder, took the oath first, as follows:

Pro deo amur et pro christian poblo et nostro commun salvament, d’ist di in avant, in quant deus savir et podir me dunat, si salvaraeio cist meon fradre Karlo et in aiudha et in cadhuna cosa, si cum om per dreit son fradra salvar dist, in o quid il mi altresi fazet, et ab Ludher nul plaid numquam prindrai, qui meon vol cist meon fradre Karle in damno sit.1

When Louis had finished, Charles took the oath in the lingua teudisca:

In godes minna ind in thes christânes folches ind unsêr bêdhero gehaltnissî, fon thesemo dage frammordes, sô fram sô mir got geuuiczi indi mahd furgibit, sô haldih thesan minan bruodher, sôso mit rehtu sînan bruodher scal, in thiu thaz er mig sô sama duo, indi mit Ludheren in moheiniu thing ne gagango, the mînan uuilon imo ce scadhen uuedhên.2

And this is the oath which the followers of each took in their own tongues:

Lingua romana:
Si Lodhuuigs sagrament, que son fradre Karlo iurat, conservat, et Karlus meos sendra de suo part non los tanit, si io returnar non l’int pois: ne io ne neuls, cui eo returnar int pois, in nulla aiudha contra Lodhuuuig nun li iv er.3

Lingua teudisca:
Oba Karl then eid, then er sînemo bruodher Luduhuuuîge gesuor, geleistit, indi Ludhuuuîg mîn hêrro then er imo gesuor forbrihchit, ob ih inan es iruuenden ne mag: noh ih noh thero nohhein, then ih es iruuenden mag, uuidhar Karle imo ce follusti ne uuirdhit.4

1By God’s love and by this Christian people and our common salvation, from this day forth, as far as God gives me to know and to have power, I will so aid my brother Charles in each and every thing as a man ought to aid his brother, in so far as he shall do the same for me; and I will never have any dealings with Lothar that may by my wish injure this my brother Charles.

2This oath is the same as that given by Louis, except that the names are reversed.

3If Louis keeps the oath which he swore to his brother Charles, and Charles, my lord, on his part does not keep it, if I cannot prevent it, then neither I nor anyone whom I can prevent shall ever defend him against Louis.

4Again, the oath is the same with the names reversed.


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