After reading Chapter 2, you should be able to identify and explain the historical significance of each of the following:

"Crusades" versus jihad

English "Poor Laws"

enclose (enclosure movement)

joint-stock company

indulgences, Martin Luther, and the Protestant Reformation

John Calvin and the doctrine of predestination

Counter-Reformation

Separatists, Puritans, and Anglicans

conversion experience

Prince Henry the Navigator

Vasco da Gama

Treaty of Tordesillas

John Cabot

Vasco Núñez de Balboa

Ferdinand Magellan

Northwest Passage

conquistadores and encomiendas

Hernán Cortés and Francisco Pizarro

Juan de Oñate, Ácoma, and New Mexico

Samuel de Champlain

Spanish Armada, 1588

lost colony of Roanoke

Virginia Company of London

Captain John Smith

John Rolfe and Pocahontas

headrights

Thomas Weston, Pilgrims, and Plymouth

Mayflower Compact