CBE-CSE Style

Setting Up the CBE-CSE List of References

1. After the last page of your paper, attach the list of references, headed "References" or "Cited References."
   
   
2. Number the works consecutively in the order in which you first mention them in your paper. Invert all authors' names, and use the initials of first and middle names. Use no punctuation between last names and initials, and leave no space between initials.
   
   
3. Begin each entry with the note number followed by a period and a space. Do not indent the first line of each entry. Align the second and subsequent lines of an entry below the first letter on the previous line.
   
   
4. Do not underline or use quotation marks for the titles of articles, books, or journals and other periodicals.
   
   
5. Capitalize only the first word of a book title or article title and any proper nouns.
   
   
6. Abbreviate titles of journals, publishers, and organizations.
   
   
7. Use a period between major divisions of each entry.
   
   
8. Use a semicolon and a space between the name of the publisher and the publication date of a book. Use a semicolon with no space between the date and the volume number of a journal.
   
   
9. For books, give the total number of pages, followed by a space and "p." For journal articles, give inclusive page spans, using digits in the second number that are not included in the first: 135-6; 287-93; 500-1.
   
   
10. For online sources, provide author, title, any print publication information, online publication date or latest update, your date of access, and the URL. NLM guidelines, however, give a strong recommendation that "the user produce a print or other copy when possible for future reference" (iii).
    
    

Two Basic Features of CBE/CSE Citation-Sequence Style

1. In the text of your paper, number each reference with a superscript in a smaller size than the type for the text, or place the reference number on the line within parentheses. Numbers run sequentially through your paper. Use the same number for a source you have previously cited; do not renumber it for the second and subsequent mentions.
   
   
2. At the end of your paper, list the references by number, in the order in which you first cite them in your paper. Do not alphabetize the entries. Begin the list on a new page and title it "References" (see 54e).