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I. Forces for Change

A. People
B. Technology
C. Information Processing and Communication
D. Competition

II. Processes for Planned Organization Change

A. Lewin's Process Model
B. The Continuous Change Process Model

III. Organization Development

A. Organization Development Defined
B. Systemwide Organization Development
C. Task and Technological Change
D. Group and Individual Change

1. Training
2. Management Development Programs
3. Team Building
4. Survey Feedback

IV. Resistance to Change

A. Organizational Sources of Resistance

1. Overdetermination
2. Narrow Focus of Change
3. Group Inertia
4. Threatened Expertise
5. Threatened Power
6. Resource Allocation

B. Individual Sources of Resistance

1. Habit
2. Security
3. Economic Factors
4. Fear of the Unknown
5. Lack of Awareness
6. Social Factors

V. Managing Successful Organization Change and Development

A. Consider International Issues
B. Take a Holistic View
C. Start Small
D. Secure Top Management Support
E. Encourage Participation
F. Foster Open Communication
G. Reward Contributors